Python環境の再構築＠macbook pro ＜2＞
前回までのおさらい：
そもそも発端は、
macOS（conda環境）でturtleを使おうとしてもうまくいかない。
具体的には以下のことを行うとすべてmacOSが再起動されてしまうというかなり深刻な状態。
- Tkinterのバージョンを調べる
- turtleモジュールをインポートさせるpythonスクリプトを実行する
- Jupiter notebook環境で上記を実行しても同じ
という状態で、まずはpythonをクリーンインストールして、あらたにpythonの環境を再構築にすることにした。
前回は、「Anacondaを（完全に）アンインストールして、デフォルトの状態に戻す」ところまで。
今回は、その後にあたらしくpyenvをインストールしてPython3を導入するところまで。
まずは現状の環境の確認。
mbp13:~ solvalou$ which python
/usr/bin/python
mbp13:~ solvalou$ python --version
Python 2.7.10
mbp13:~ solvalou$ python
Python 2.7.10 (default, Feb 22 2019, 21:55:15)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 10.0.1 (clang-1001.0.37.14)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit()
mbp13:~ solvalou$ ls -l /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/
total 0
lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 9 7 29 2019 libpython2.7.dylib -> ../Python
drwxr-xr-x 5 root wheel 160 7 29 2019 pkgconfig
drwxr-xr-x 649 root wheel 20768 2 23 2019 python2.7
デフォルトではPython2.7.10が入っていることがわかる。
ここから、「Pythonインストール・Mac編【バージョン切り替え・アンインストールしやすい環境構築】」を参考にさせていただき、以下の作業を進める。
- Xcodeをインストール
- Homebrewをインストール
- pyenvをインストール
- pythonをインストール
- venvをインストール
XcodeとHomebrewのインストールは以下のページを参考にさせていただいた。
macOSでcommand line tools for Xcodeとhomebrewのインストール - Qiita
XcodeはAppストアからもインストールできるが、ここではターミナルから直接インストール。
mbp13:~ solvalou$ xcode-select --install
xcode-select: note: install requested for command line developer tools
まず以下のウインドウがでるので「インストール」を選択。
続いて使用許諾についても「同意する」を選んで先に進む。
以下のウィンドウがでれば無事成功。
つづいてHomebrewのインストール。
Homebrewのホームページから、コマンドをコピペしてターミナルで実行する。
（「このスクリプトをターミナルに貼り付けて実行して下さい。」の部分をコピペ）
実行すると以下のように進む（長いけど、省略せずにのせます）
mbp13:~ solvalou$ /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"
==> This script will install:
/usr/local/bin/brew
/usr/local/share/doc/homebrew
/usr/local/share/man/man1/brew.1
/usr/local/share/zsh/site-functions/_brew
/usr/local/etc/bash_completion.d/brew
/usr/local/Homebrew
==> The following existing directories will be made group writable:
/usr/local/bin
/usr/local/include
/usr/local/lib
/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
==> The following existing directories will have their owner set to solvalou:
/usr/local/bin
/usr/local/include
/usr/local/lib
/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
==> The following existing directories will have their group set to admin:
/usr/local/bin
/usr/local/include
/usr/local/lib
/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
==> The following new directories will be created:
/usr/local/etc
/usr/local/sbin
/usr/local/share
/usr/local/var
/usr/local/opt
/usr/local/share/zsh
/usr/local/share/zsh/site-functions
/usr/local/var/homebrew
/usr/local/var/homebrew/linked
/usr/local/Cellar
/usr/local/Caskroom
/usr/local/Homebrew
/usr/local/Frameworks
Press RETURN to continue or any other key to abort
Password:
==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/chmod u+rwx /usr/local/bin /usr/local/include /usr/local/lib /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/chmod g+rwx /usr/local/bin /usr/local/include /usr/local/lib /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/chown solvalou /usr/local/bin /usr/local/include /usr/local/lib /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/bin/chgrp admin /usr/local/bin /usr/local/include /usr/local/lib /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/mkdir -p /usr/local/etc /usr/local/sbin /usr/local/share /usr/local/var /usr/local/opt /usr/local/share/zsh /usr/local/share/zsh/site-functions /usr/local/var/homebrew /usr/local/var/homebrew/linked /usr/local/Cellar /usr/local/Caskroom /usr/local/Homebrew /usr/local/Frameworks
==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/chmod g+rwx /usr/local/etc /usr/local/sbin /usr/local/share /usr/local/var /usr/local/opt /usr/local/share/zsh /usr/local/share/zsh/site-functions /usr/local/var/homebrew /usr/local/var/homebrew/linked /usr/local/Cellar /usr/local/Caskroom /usr/local/Homebrew /usr/local/Frameworks
==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/chown solvalou /usr/local/etc /usr/local/sbin /usr/local/share /usr/local/var /usr/local/opt /usr/local/share/zsh /usr/local/share/zsh/site-functions /usr/local/var/homebrew /usr/local/var/homebrew/linked /usr/local/Cellar /usr/local/Caskroom /usr/local/Homebrew /usr/local/Frameworks
==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/bin/chgrp admin /usr/local/etc /usr/local/sbin /usr/local/share /usr/local/var /usr/local/opt /usr/local/share/zsh /usr/local/share/zsh/site-functions /usr/local/var/homebrew /usr/local/var/homebrew/linked /usr/local/Cellar /usr/local/Caskroom /usr/local/Homebrew /usr/local/Frameworks
==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/mkdir -p /Users/solvalou/Library/Caches/Homebrew
==> /usr/bin/sudo /bin/chmod g+rwx /Users/solvalou/Library/Caches/Homebrew
==> /usr/bin/sudo /usr/sbin/chown solvalou /Users/solvalou/Library/Caches/Homebrew
==> Downloading and installing Homebrew...
remote: Enumerating objects: 67, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (67/67), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (63/63), done.
remote: Total 135903 (delta 8), reused 55 (delta 4), pack-reused 135836
Receiving objects: 100% (135903/135903), 32.81 MiB | 3.43 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (99865/99865), done.
From https://github.com/Homebrew/brew
* [new branch] master -> origin/master
* [new tag] 0.1 -> 0.1
* [new tag] 0.2 -> 0.2
* [new tag] 0.3 -> 0.3
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* [new tag] 0.7.1 -> 0.7.1
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* [new tag] 1.1.1 -> 1.1.1
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* [new tag] 1.4.0 -> 1.4.0
* [new tag] 1.4.1 -> 1.4.1
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* [new tag] 1.9.1 -> 1.9.1
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* [new tag] 2.0.0 -> 2.0.0
* [new tag] 2.0.1 -> 2.0.1
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* [new tag] 2.1.1 -> 2.1.1
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* [new tag] 2.1.11 -> 2.1.11
* [new tag] 2.1.12 -> 2.1.12
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* [new tag] 2.2.1 -> 2.2.1
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* [new tag] 2.2.11 -> 2.2.11
* [new tag] 2.2.12 -> 2.2.12
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* [new tag] 2.2.3 -> 2.2.3
* [new tag] 2.2.4 -> 2.2.4
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* [new tag] 2.2.9 -> 2.2.9
HEAD is now at a5a5a1a83 Merge pull request #7510 from MikeMcQuaid/disable-rspec-filepath
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles-portable-ruby/portable-ruby-2.6.3.mavericks.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring portable-ruby-2.6.3.mavericks.bottle.tar.gz
==> Homebrew is run entirely by unpaid volunteers. Please consider donating:
https://github.com/Homebrew/brew#donations
==> Tapping homebrew/core
Cloning into '/usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 717196, done.
remote: Total 717196 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 717196
Receiving objects: 100% (717196/717196), 290.39 MiB | 4.33 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (473014/473014), done.
Checking out files: 100% (5227/5227), done.
Tapped 2 commands and 4984 formulae (5,251 files, 318.3MB).
Already up-to-date.
==> Installation successful!
==> Homebrew has enabled anonymous aggregate formulae and cask analytics.
Read the analytics documentation (and how to opt-out) here:
https://docs.brew.sh/Analytics
No analytics data has been sent yet (or will be during this `install` run).
==> Homebrew is run entirely by unpaid volunteers. Please consider donating:
https://github.com/Homebrew/brew#donations
==> Next steps:
- Run `brew help` to get started
- Further documentation:
https://docs.brew.sh
mbp13:~ solvalou$
長くかかるので不安にもなるけれど、上記のように終わる前に「Installation successful!」とでて、エラーも出ずに終了。
一応ちゃんと動作するか確認しておく。
mbp13:~ solvalou$ brew doctor
Your system is ready to brew.
つぎはpyenvのインストール。
ターミナルで「brew install pyenv」を実行するだけだけれど、こちらもかなり長くいろいろなことが画面表示される。
（これも省略せずに一応のせておく）
mbp13:~ solvalou$ brew install pyenv
Updating Homebrew...
==> Installing dependencies for pyenv: autoconf, openssl@1.1, pkg-config and readline
==> Installing pyenv dependency: autoconf
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/autoconf-2.69.mojave.bottle.4.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://akamai.bintray.com/97/9724736d34773b6e41e2434ffa28fe79feccccf7b7786e546
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring autoconf-2.69.mojave.bottle.4.tar.gz
==> Caveats
Emacs Lisp files have been installed to:
/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp/autoconf
==> Summary
🍺 /usr/local/Cellar/autoconf/2.69: 71 files, 3.0MB
==> Installing pyenv dependency: openssl@1.1
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/openssl@1.1-1.1.1g.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://akamai.bintray.com/5c/5c9d113393ff3efc95e5509175305fc9304fba35390a61915
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring openssl@1.1-1.1.1g.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Caveats
A CA file has been bootstrapped using certificates from the system
keychain. To add additional certificates, place .pem files in
/usr/local/etc/openssl@1.1/certs
and run
/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/bin/c_rehash
openssl@1.1 is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS provides LibreSSL.
If you need to have openssl@1.1 first in your PATH run:
echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile
For compilers to find openssl@1.1 you may need to set:
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/include"
==> Summary
🍺 /usr/local/Cellar/openssl@1.1/1.1.1g: 8,059 files, 18MB
==> Installing pyenv dependency: pkg-config
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/pkg-config-0.29.2_3.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://akamai.bintray.com/0d/0d14b797dba0e0ab595c9afba8ab7ef9c901b60b4f806b365
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring pkg-config-0.29.2_3.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
🍺 /usr/local/Cellar/pkg-config/0.29.2_3: 11 files, 623.6KB
==> Installing pyenv dependency: readline
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/readline-8.0.4.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://akamai.bintray.com/29/29f7102a730ab39c8312cad1e7e439f6da2a67c452ce2b338
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring readline-8.0.4.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Caveats
readline is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS provides BSD libedit.
For compilers to find readline you may need to set:
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/readline/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/readline/include"
For pkg-config to find readline you may need to set:
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/readline/lib/pkgconfig"
==> Summary
🍺 /usr/local/Cellar/readline/8.0.4: 48 files, 1.5MB
==> Installing pyenv
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/pyenv-1.2.18.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://akamai.bintray.com/05/05f0414ec85ad0eb46a4046d9bee6da318b2b68fd9b64b118
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring pyenv-1.2.18.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
🍺 /usr/local/Cellar/pyenv/1.2.18: 695 files, 2.5MB
==> Caveats
==> autoconf
Emacs Lisp files have been installed to:
/usr/local/share/emacs/site-lisp/autoconf
==> openssl@1.1
A CA file has been bootstrapped using certificates from the system
keychain. To add additional certificates, place .pem files in
/usr/local/etc/openssl@1.1/certs
and run
/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/bin/c_rehash
openssl@1.1 is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS provides LibreSSL.
If you need to have openssl@1.1 first in your PATH run:
echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile
For compilers to find openssl@1.1 you may need to set:
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/include"
For pkg-config to find openssl@1.1 you may need to set:
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/openssl@1.1/lib/pkgconfig"
==> readline
readline is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS provides BSD libedit.
For compilers to find readline you may need to set:
export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/readline/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/readline/include"
For pkg-config to find readline you may need to set:
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/readline/lib/pkgconfig"
つづいて、以下を .bash_profile に追加しておく。
export PYENV_ROOT=/usr/local/var/pyenv
if which pyenv > /dev/null; then eval "$(pyenv init -)"; fi
.bash_profileに書いた内容を有効にして、インストールができているか確認。
mbp13:~ solvalou$ souce ~/.bash_profile
mbp13:~ solvalou$ brew list | grep pyenv
pyenv
mbp13:~ solvalou$ pyenv --version
pyenv 1.2.18
これでOK。
やっとPython本体のインストールへ進む。
まずはインストール可能なPythonのバージョンを確認する。
mbp13:~ solvalou$ pyenv install -l
Available versions:
2.1.3
2.2.3
2.3.7
＝＝＝ 中略 ＝＝＝
3.5.8
3.5.9
3.6.0
3.6-dev
3.6.1
3.6.2
3.6.3
3.6.4
3.6.5
3.6.6
3.6.7
3.6.8 ＜＝ 今回はこのバージョンをいれてみる
3.6.9
3.6.10
3.7.0
3.7-dev
3.7.1
3.7.2
3.7.3
3.7.4
3.7.5
3.7.6
3.7.7
＝＝＝ 中略 ＝＝＝
anaconda2-2.4.0 anaconda3-4.4.0
anaconda3-5.0.0
anaconda3-5.0.1
anaconda3-5.1.0
anaconda3-5.2.0
anaconda3-5.3.0
anaconda3-5.3.1
anaconda3-2018.12
anaconda3-2019.03
anaconda3-2019.07
anaconda3-2019.10
＝＝＝ 中略 ＝＝＝
stackless-3.4.7
stackless-3.5.4
今回は訳あってバージョン3.6.8をインストールしたけれど、他のものでも同様に進行していく。
「pyenv install 3.6.8」と入力して実行。
mbp13:~ solvalou$ pyenv install 3.6.8
python-build: use openssl@1.1 from homebrew
python-build: use readline from homebrew
Downloading Python-3.6.8.tar.xz...
-> https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.8/Python-3.6.8.tar.xz
Installing Python-3.6.8...
python-build: use readline from homebrew
python-build: use zlib from xcode sdk
Installed Python-3.6.8 to /Users/solvalou/.pyenv/versions/3.6.8
これもまあまあ時間がかかるものの無事終了。
インストールを確認するには、「pyenv versions」でOK。
mbp13:~ solvalou$ pyenv versions
* system (set by /Users/solvalou/.pyenv/version)
3.6.8
これで＊が付いている方が現在の環境。
Python3.6.8の環境に移るには、「pyenv global 3.6.8」を実行。
mbp13:~ solvalou$ pyenv global 3.6.8
mbp13:~ solvalou$ pyenv versions
system
* 3.6.8 (set by /Users/solvalou/.pyenv/version)
これで、python3が使えるはず。一応確認すると、
mbp13:~ solvalou$ python
Python 3.6.8 (default, May 9 2020, 13:28:52)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 10.0.1 (clang-1001.0.46.4)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>
というわけで、無事Python3が起動。
今日はここまでで、続きはまた。
